Factors Contributing to High Incidence of Motorcycle Accidents Presenting to the Korle Bu Teaching Hospital in the Accra Metropolis of Greater Accra Region, Ghana

Abstract

Introduction: Road traffic injuries are the eighth leading causes of death globally, and most affected are young people aged 15-29. By 2030, road traffic deaths will become the fifth leading cause of death unless urgent action is taken. Lack of employment has forced many youths of this country into ―Okada‖ (local name for motorcycle riders in Nigeria which is also commonly used in Ghana) business which has, in turn, caused many accidents. Motorcyclists are among the most vulnerable road users in Ghana; they contribute 34% of all road traffic injuries. The purpose of this study is to determine the factors that contribute to the high incidence of motorcycle accident reporting at the Accident and Emergency Unit at the Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional research design using a quantitative approach was used to collect relevant data from participants. Results: Data gathered from this study revealed that demographic characteristics such as age (p=<0.001), marital status (p=<0.001), education (p=0.035) and occupation (p=0.002) have shown a strong association with helmet use. Further analysis was conducted on demographic attributes and road regulations. From the report, education (p=<0.001), religion (p= (0.001) and occupation (p=0.006) have also shown association between the two variables. The respondents’ knowledge of road regulations and road signs were very low. Less than 40% insured their motors and have valid national health insurance. The accident victims attributed the cause of their accidents to non-adherence to road signs and over speeding. Conclusion: Motorcycle accidents could be reduced through law enforcement agencies, continuous mass education using all media available. Also, there should be a collaboration between Road and Transport sector and Motor Traffic and Transport Directorate (MTTD) of the Ghana Police service to find a solution to the current trend of a motorcycle accident on our roads.